Kaygusuz Abdal
Kaygusuz Abdal (1341-1444):
• There is no
information available about his life in historical sources. What is known about
him is based on anonymous hagiographies written probably about one and a half
centuries after his death and interpretations drawn from his works.
• According to the
hagiography, he was the son of the ruler of the Alâiye (Alanya) district and
his name was Gaybî. Gaybî received a good education and mastered all the
sciences of his time. He was also a skilled warrior, excelling in horseback
riding, archery, and swordsmanship. No wild animal could escape him during
hunting.
Kaygusuz Abdal:
• While pursuing a
deer he had shot during a hunt, Gaybî noticed that the deer entered Abdal
Musa's dergah (Sufi lodge) in Elmalı. He asked the dervishes about the deer,
but they claimed they hadn't seen it.
• Upon hearing their
conversation, Abdal Musa summoned Gaybî into his presence. Gaybî explained that
he had shot a deer and it had come to this place. Abdal Musa asked, "Do
you recognize the arrow you shot?" to which Gaybî responded affirmatively.
In response, the sheikh raised his arm, and Gaybî saw that his arrow was lodged
in Abdal Musa's seat. This led Gaybî to decide to become the sheikh's disciple.
Kaygusuz Abdal:
• When Gaybî's father
learned about the situation, he, with the help of Teke bey, confronted Abdal
Musa.
• Abdal Musa's
disciples stood against him, and through the miracles he demonstrated, Abdal
Musa killed Teke bey.
• After obtaining his
father's consent, Gaybî joined Abdal Musa and was given the epithet Kaygusuz by
his sheikh.
Kaygusuz Abdal – Works
1:
• Budalanâme. •
Kitâb-ı Miglâte. The word "miglâte" meaning "an accurate
arrow" is sometimes recorded as "maslata," meaning "words
spoken to deceive someone," in some copies. The work, which is based on a
dervish's dreams, begins with a dream described at the end of Budalanâme. •
Vücudnâme. The work starts with verses 12-14 of the Surah Al-Mu'minun, which
discusses the descent of the human into the womb. It provides brief
descriptions of the seven planets, the twelve zodiac signs, the apparent and
hidden emotions of humans, the soul, the ego, the four archangels, the realms
of nasut, malakut, jabarut, and lahut, and the realities of the eighteen
thousand worlds. It states that those who seek to know this city called
"adam" (human) should refer to the Perfect Human (insân-ı kâmil). •
Dilgüşâ. Starting with a 168-couplet poem in the style of Mathnawi, the work
continues in prose and occasionally includes Persian texts. At the end of the
book, which explains the period view in Sufism and the concept of unity of existence,
Kaygusuz states a few words about knowing the self, emphasizing that he is not
a scholar or a saint and does not know worship or miracles.
Kaygusuz Abdal – Works
2:
• Saraynâme. Kaygusuz
states, after a mixed introduction in verse and prose, that this world is a
palace.
• Divan. Kaygusuz
Abdal does not have a compiled divan. The Marburg manuscript (MS, Or., Oct.,
no. 4044), which contains various works, includes over 130 poems.
• Gülistan. At the end
of the Marburg manuscript, it is noted that the work contains 3700 couplets,
but the beginning of the work is missing, and it includes 2140 couplets.
• Mesneviler. In
anthologies containing Kaygusuz's works, there is a three-volume mesnevi on
Sufism (a.g.e., pp. 74-76).
• Kaygusuz Abdal'ın Hayatı - Türk Halk Edebiyatı - TRT Avaz
www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-7MgGjSU1E&t=142s
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